Unfortunately I don't have experience with either of those scanners, they both look aright though. I would double check with the manufacture of the scanner that it does read transmission gear data since that's a possible related issue.
On the cv, usually I'll clean them, drive them then recheck. If it looks like its leaking I'll just reband/reclamp the boot and its good to go, unless there's an actual cut/tear in the boot rubber. A lot of times the band loosens over time or the boot shrinks and they leak.
BigJ, the boots are filled with grease only, but over time between the grease breaking down, and the heat when in use, the grease seaps past the clamps and comes out more liquid-ish.
BDRAG, I noticed the slot also. Its the slot for the lower control arm camber/caster adjustment. Its very possible (and they do) they can move and cause a bang, BUT when they do you notice your alignment is way out. Steering wheel will be off center and it will pull bad, easy give away the arm/s moved.
The throttle plate doesn't look real dirty. I'd still clean it. You can spray throttle body cleaner and wipe with a rag, if it needs scrubbed I use an old tooth brush.
Part number for purge valve.9L3Z-9E730-C Canister Purge Valve (2009-2010 F-150 5.4L/2009-2011 Expedition/Navigator)
Also fwiw, I asked one of the masters at work about the stalling. I said, 5.4 3v truck motor stalls when coming to a stop no codes, his reply was bad throttle body.... He also said he's seen it before where a bad throttle body will take awhile before it sets codes.